ERIC Number: EJ1307202
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2021-Jun
Pages: 20
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-0278-7393
EISSN: N/A
The Goal-Dependence of Level-1 "and" Level-2 Visual Perspective Calculation
Todd, Andrew R.; Cameron, C. Daryl; Simpson, Austin J.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, v47 n6 p948-967 Jun 2021
Does tracking another agent's visual perspective depend on having a goal--albeit a remote one--to do so? In 5 experiments using indirect measures of visual perspective taking with a cartoon avatar, we examined whether and how adult perceivers' processing goals shape the incidental tracking of "what" objects the avatar sees (Level-1 perspective taking) and "how" the avatar sees those objects (Level-2 perspective taking). Process dissociation analyses, which aim to isolate calculation of the avatar's perspective as the process of focal interest, revealed that both Level-1 and Level-2 perspective calculation were consistently weaker when the avatar's perspective was less relevant for participants' own processing goals. This pattern of goal-dependent perspective tracking was also evident in behavioral analyses of interference from the avatar's differing perspective when reporting one's own perspective (i.e., altercentric interference). These results suggest that, although Level-1 and Level-2 visual perspective calculation may operate unintentionally, both also appear to depend on perceivers' processing goals. More generally, these findings advance understanding of processes underlying visual perspective taking and the conditional automaticity with which those processes operate.
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Perspective Taking, Adults, Goal Orientation, Theory of Mind, Undergraduate Students
American Psychological Association. Journals Department, 750 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20002. Tel: 800-374-2721; Tel: 202-336-5510; Fax: 202-336-5502; e-mail: order@apa.org; Web site: http://www.apa.org
Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Education Level: Higher Education; Postsecondary Education
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: National Science Foundation (NSF)
Authoring Institution: N/A
Grant or Contract Numbers: BCS1764097; BCS1660707
Data File: URL: https://osf.io/p8cxb/?view_only=b3756a0041a24bcea7bcb5155f9513f6