Research driven by government policy in mathematics education has focused on determining teaching and learning strategies to promote engagement for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students. The aim of this study is to systematically review empirical research from 2008-2017 that examines ways to promote engagement and support successful outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students in mathematics. A total of 28 articles were included in the review, and they were examined in relation to research design and the theoretical framework of engagement. Findings indicate that the majority of research conducted are qualitative studies focusing on primary school teachers changes in learning content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge to teach mathematics. There are limited studies with regards to students' behavioural and emotional engagement in mathematics. Finally, teaching strategies that support learning in mathematics including, focusing on language and mathematical patterns and representations are identified.