This article discusses the main tools and methods of teaching a professional foreign language. Theoretical and practical bases of the organization of the process of introduction and implementation of technologies in teaching foreign languages in higher education are considered and analyzed. The systematization of general trends taking into account domestic and foreign scientific experience is carried out. It also presents the points of view of various scientists on the relevance of studying this topic, formulated recommendations for the introduction of modern effective experience in the practice of foreign language lecturers. The actual task of education, in the trend of globalizing world processes, is teaching a professional foreign language. The development of international cooperation in the fields of education, medicine, natural, technical, and economic sciences requires the study and constant improvement of foreign languages. The existing problems of education require a comprehensive solution. This solution will be achieved using the program-target method. The weakest skill among university students was oral speech. This indicates that conversational skills are a weak point, which is confirmed during observations of classes. A survey of 500 students showed that speaking classes were rated significantly higher than classes for practicing other skills. Thus the aim of the article is a theoretical analysis of scientific approaches of researchers to the problem of teaching a professional foreign language for specialists in various fields.