ERIC Number: EJ1275891
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2020-Dec
Pages: 27
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-0826-4805
EISSN: N/A
Distribution Mechanisms of Ghana's Free Senior High School Policy: The Equity Dimensions and Ameliorating Measures
Chanimbe, Timothy; Prah, Paa Kwesi Wolseley
Interchange: A Quarterly Review of Education, v51 n4 p441-467 Dec 2020
Secondary schools in Ghana are mainly classified as day or day/boarding, single sex or mixed, stratified into resourced (elite) or less resourced whilst academic delivery is via academic or technical-vocational programmes. This categorization has also bred performing and underperforming inequities suggesting the absence of equal access to quality and learning conditions across all the schools. With equity among the aims of the free senior high school policy, we investigate how the distribution of policy resources in six diverse schools creates or bridges inequities across schools and solicit ways of improving implementation challenges of the policy. Meanwhile, existing research examined the enrollment rates and impacts of this policy whilst previous literature on equity was derived from other jurisdictions which set the benchmarks for examination in this study. Underpinned by the theory of equal educational opportunity, we unmasked that although the free senior high school policy has granted free access to public senior high schools, the policy ensures freer education to boarding students than day students. The thrust is, the policy's coverage of schools' recurrent expenditure calculated per school population seems equitable. However, inequity stems from schools' different capital requirements due to the resource disparities among schools. The policy's response to these inequities is by reserving 30% slots in 82 elite schools for students from public basic schools. We argue that this direction defeats meritocracy and thus, underperforming senior high schools must be improved so that there can be equal access to quality and learning conditions across all schools. Although all the schools received similar benefits apart from the residential and feeding differences, technical schools received additional materials purported to enhance their specialty. Participants appealed for the provision of textbooks for elective subjects whilst others maintained that buying of books should be handed over to parents. Due to the resource disparities, deprived schools simultaneously appealed for increased capital expenditure to meet their capital requirements in addition to the request from all the schools for funds and goods to be released on time.
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, High Schools, High School Students, Educational Policy, Access to Education, Equal Education, Program Implementation, Boarding Schools, Day Schools, Expenditure per Student, Educational Quality, Textbooks, Educational Finance
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Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Education Level: High Schools; Secondary Education
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Identifiers - Location: Ghana
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A