The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 6-week skill-based volleyball training program on the running economy (RE) of male competitive volleyball players. Ten male amateur volleyball players (age 21.1 ± 1.5 years) participated in a 6-week skill-based volleyball training program three times a week in the pre-season preparatory period. Before and after the training period, the following tests were completed: (i) incremental treadmill test to determine maximal oxygen uptake (VO[subscript 2max]), ventilator threshold (VT), and running velocity associated with VO[subscript 2max] (vVO2max); (ii) submaximal constant-intensity test to determine RE. RE was determined by measuring steady-state VO[subscript 2] (ml/kg/min) for 6 min at speed corresponding to 90% of the VT. The training program caused a significant improvement in RE by 5.3 ± 4.1% (p = 0.01). VO[subscript 2max], VT and vVO[subscript 2max] were not significantly affected by the training program (p> 0.05). There were no significant changes in respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and minute ventilation (VE) measured during the submaximal constant-intensity test (p > 0.05). There were no significant changes in maximal RER and VE values measured during the incremental treadmill test (p> 0.05). The absence of significant changes in VO[subscript 2max] as well as VE and RER suggests that the improved RE after a skill-based volleyball training may not be the result of an increase in the delivery and utilization capacity of oxygen or a change in substrate utilization. The improvement in RE may be related to more effective storage and release of elastic energy with the skill-based volleyball training.