Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate five job qualification programs for young apprentices, in Goiás, a Brazilian State. We expect to contribute to the improvement and strengthening of the job training programs in developing countries. Design/methodology/approach: We applied propensity score matching and extensions such as the generalized propensity score method (dose-response effect). Findings: We found evidence of the heterogenous effects of the five job qualification programs on employability. We found that the duration of the programs influences employability in up to two years after the program. Research limitations/implications: This research is based on secondary data provided by the responsible institutions. The evidence is obtained through a nonexperimental method. Practical implications: The research has implications for public or private institutions dedicated to the professional qualification of young apprentices. Social implications: The findings of the study provide some ways of comparing training programs, for young workers, that can be applied in different types of institutions. Originality/value: This study provides new insight about the professional qualification of young apprentices, by comparing fives programs in Midwest Brazil.