Race relations are becoming an increasingly central conversation in society following several recent national events, including white supremacist rallies in Charlottesville, Virginia, and Portland, Oregon. Extant literature highlights the adverse effects of peer racial/ethnic discrimination on youth's mental, physical, and academic well-being, particularly for minorities. Because peer relationships are one of the most proximal risk and protective factors for healthy youth development, understanding key peer processes is critical for promoting healthy youth development. School settings are one of the most racially and ethnically diverse contexts for youth interactions; therefore, school social workers are well positioned to meet the American Academy of Social Work and Social Welfare's Grand Challenge to ensure healthy development for all youth. This review will highlight key peer processes from the developmental science literature that school social workers should consider when working with adolescents. Increasing school social workers' awareness of developmental theory and research focusing on the development of peer relationships, racial/ethnic socialization, and cross-race peer relationships can aid school social workers in identifying and implementing culturally appropriate interventions within schools to promote healthy development across races and ethnicities.