Purpose: Trampoline parks are becoming popular in many countries, providing recreational facilities for children and adults. This study investigated the effects of trampoline training on knee muscles strength and balance in young adults. Methods: Twenty-six participants (14 males, 12 females) were randomized into trampoline training (TT) and resistance training (RT) groups to undergo a 6-week supervised intervention program (2 × 30 min per week). TT group performed basic trampoline exercises while the RT group performed resistance training targeting lower extremities muscles. Peak knee extension and flexion torque, postural sway characteristics, and Y balance test (YBT) performance were evaluated before and after the intervention. A mixed model analysis of variance (group × time) was applied. Results: After training there were significant improvements in knee extension torque (mean difference[subscript post-pre] [95% CI], TT: 0.27 [0.00, 0.54] N·m/kg, RT: 0.31 [0.09,0.54] N·m/kg, p = 0.001), knee flexion torque (TT: 0.25 [0.17,0.33] N·m/kg, RT: 0.21 [0.08,0.34] N·m/kg, p < 0.001), and dynamic balance (YBT composite scores, mean difference[subscript post-pre] [95% CI], TT: 4.9 [-0.3, 10.2]%, RT: 5.2 [2.4,8.0]%, p = 0.001). No difference between groups was found. Conclusion: Trampoline training can be as effective as resistance training for improving knee muscles strength and dynamic balance in young men and women.