The real research is devoted to problems of an interlingual interference in the process of studying of Russian by students of the Hispanic countries. The relevance of the article is caused by the fact that at all variety of the scientific works devoted to the contrast description of various languages and the analysis of their interference, it is a little work comparing the Russian and Spanish languages. The research was conducted for the purpose of comparison of the separate language phenomena of the Russian and Spanish languages and the description of those lexical and grammatical features which knowledge will allow teachers to warn and correct native speaker errors in the Russian speech, therefore, to optimize training process. According to the authors, it is advisable to use the national focused tests and tasks on classes in RKI and also governed with explanations and examples in the native language of students that will increase their intellectual activity.