This study examined the effectiveness of the application of the three types of coding which were L2 [right arrow] L1 (Thai) translation, pictorial, and in particular simultaneous L2 [right arrow] L1 and pictorial -- Dual Coding Theory (DCT) to 36 seven-letter English concrete nouns among 58 Thai EFL tertiary students who were at the beginning level. The investigation looked at the effectiveness of each type of coding in terms of the recognition rate (working memory) after three spaced presentations and the retention rate (long-term memory) among participants. The analyses were done by one way ANOVA. The findings suggested that the simultaneous L2 [right arrow] L1 and pictorial coding (DCT) group outperformed the other two groups both in the immediate posttest and the one month delayed posttest, but no statistically significant difference was found among the three groups.