The main objective of this study was to explore causes of dropout by children in primary schools and develop a model for prevention. In light of the literature four instruments were developed to survey causes of dropout from primary school teachers, children who dropped out, their parents and teachers. The respondents were of the opinion that the leading causes which forced a child to leave school were parental carelessness, poor parental economic condition, grade retention, student's out of school companionship, truancy, difficulty in learning, student's preference for child labor over studies, inability to continue learning, psychological problems, illiteracy of parents, and student's poor health. Based on these identified causes of dropout, a model for school improvement founded on an inclusive education philosophy was presented. The salient features of this model include social, professional and school transformations. A number of initiatives are discussed for enabling this. This model was validated by international and local experts.