This study focuses on two major aspects of Jesuit pedagogy in Spain that should be held in mind in order to understand Jesuit educational transformations after the Second Vatican Council: Firstly (A), the theological renewal undertaken since the end of the 1960s, mainly by the Jesuit institute "Fe y Secularidad" founded in 1967 and the drive towards pedagogical innovation articulated especially in the Jesuit journal "Razón y Fe." Secondly (B), the continuity of a process of philanthropic adaptation of Jesuit educational institutions in Spain after 1965. Before analysing these two main aspects, a brief introduction is given to the question how Spanish Jesuits have participated in the theological avant-garde during the 1940s and 1950s. In a final part of the paper, the present study summarises the key aspects of this analysis and highlights the character of Jesuit educational innovations after Second Vatican Council.