As large-scale standardized tests move from paper-based to computer-based delivery, opportunities arise for test developers to make use of items beyond traditional selected and constructed response types. Technology-enhanced items (TEIs) have the potential to provide advantages over conventional items, including broadening construct measurement, increasing measurement opportunities, and improving test-taker engagement. However, TEIs also come with some potential disadvantages, including difficulty in determining with precision what it is they measure beyond conventional items, if anything. This paper examines TEIs in light of the need by test makers to develop an evidence-based argument for their use. It offers some guiding questions and considerations toward the creation of a coherent strategy for incorporating TEIs into large-scale assessments.