This article the article is concerned with a substantiation of procedures ensuring the implementation of statistical research and monitoring of investment development of the Russian regions, which would be pertinent for modern development of the state statistics. The aim of the study is to develop the methodological framework in order to estimate the investment development of regions of Russia, providing an increase in the usage of own resources and an achievement of the objectives of economic development. Basic principles of neo-Keynesian economic theory and methods of statistical analysis (index method, clustering method, taxonomic method) are the methodological basis of the research. Information basis includes analytical materials, expert opinions and statistical data of Federal State Statistics Service on the development of Russian regions. Results of the study: the structure of the investment development of a region as an object of statistical research and the system of statistical indicators characterizing its elements were elucidated; the algorithm of statistical research and monitoring system of investment development of regions of Russia were tested. Conclusions: proposed procedures allowed implementing a monitoring of investment development in Russian regions in 2005-2013. On its basis, Russian regions, which are "points of investment growth", and regions, which use investments for achieving development goals ineffectively were identified. This made it possible to develop and justify practical recommendations for optimizing the allocation of budget investments during the crisis in the Russian economy.