Quality is the core of education and it is important to standardization construction of primary and secondary education in urban (U) and rural (R) areas. The ultimate goal of the integration of urban and rural education is to pursuit quality urban and rural education. Based on analysing the related policy basis and the existing assessment models of urban and rural educational quality in primary and secondary schools, and through the content and the assessment index system of the standard of urban and rural educational quality in primary and secondary schools, this study is to construct a scientific, effective and very operational statistical model to assess the current quality of primary and secondary education in urban and rural areas. With the correlation coefficient to measure the development status of their educational quality and through the example calculation, this study confirms that the assessment model has good diagnostic function. According to the actual functions of the assessment model, this study puts forward some corresponding suggestions.