With the advent and growth of elementary and secondary online education in the United States, teaching and learning has undergone radical change with unimagined alternatives to traditional brick-and-mortar classrooms, and online education is here to stay. Law and policy in some states has lagged behind the emergence of online K-12 education. The purpose of this article is to provide a snapshot of current state regulatory frameworks related to elementary and secondary online education. The article is divided into the following sections: background information about K-12 online education; state statutory review of K-12 online education policy; curriculum matters; academic integrity in an online education environment; and teaching in K-12 online education. The final section presents conclusions and recommendations for future research.