Data from the 2003 National Assessment of Adult Literacy were examined to determine if non-native-born adults in the US differ from their native-born counterparts in (1) participation in work-related training or education, and (2) perceptions that specific skills limit their job opportunities. Results indicated that non-native-born persons were less likely than their native-born peers to participate in training or education to do their job better. Among non-native born persons, age and English language proficiency predicted their participation. Non-native-born persons were also much more likely than native-born individuals to perceive that their reading, writing, math, and computer skills limited their job opportunities, while both gender and age moderated perceptions of perceived skill limitations. Among the non-native-born population, age, gender, and amount of time spent living in the US significantly predicted perceived skill limitations.