ERIC Number: EJ1044378
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2014
Pages: 8
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-1947-380X
EISSN: N/A
Exploring Gender and Self-Efficacy Ratings of Athletic Training Students over Time
Carr, W. David; Volberding, Jennifer L.
Athletic Training Education Journal, v9 n3 p127-134 Jul-Sep 2014
Objective: To describe the development of a self-efficacy instrument and to explore the changes by gender in student self-efficacy ratings over 1 year. Design and Setting: An exploratory study utilizing an instrument that measures self-efficacy in undergraduate students in a university setting. Patients or Other Participants: Thirty students (13 males and 17 females) enrolled in the professional phase of an undergraduate athletic training program. Main outcome measures(s): Student ratings of self-efficacy were measured using the Self-Efficacy in Athletic Training Student instrument. Validity was established through a panel of experts. Cronbach a was used to establish the reliability of the instrument. The instrument was administered 3 times during an academic year. Students were asked to rate their level of self-efficacy on a Likert scale (1 = "not at all confident"; 5 = "very confident") on 16 components within 3 content areas. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and a nonparametric analysis of variance was used to determine differences in self-efficacy based upon time for each gender. Post hoc contrasts were used to examine when significant differences occurred among the 3 measures. Results: The internal consistency for the overall instrument and each content area ranged from a = 0.91 to 0.96. Analysis of variance indicated statistically significant differences (P < 0.003) across the 3 times, with significant changes in self-efficacy by gender, with greater increases for females across the 3 measures to similar male levels of self-efficacy at the final measure. Conclusions: Students' self-efficacy can be affected by many factors, some of which may be controlled or influenced. We have developed reliable measure for assessing student self-efficacy. It is the desire of the authors that athletic training programs will develop strategies to improve the efficacy of their students and use this method to assess the effectiveness of those strategies.
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Self Efficacy, Athletes, Undergraduate Students, Outcome Measures, Measures (Individuals), Test Construction, Item Analysis, Likert Scales, College Athletics, Rating Scales, Longitudinal Studies, Statistical Significance, Educational Strategies, Training Objectives, Training Methods, Student Attitudes
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Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Education Level: Higher Education; Postsecondary Education
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A