The increasing demands that schools are confronted with recently, require teachers' commitment and contribution to school goals, regardless of formal job requirements. This study examines the influence of teachers' work context, in terms of autonomy and leader-membership exchange (LMX), on the relationship between their work engagement and organizational citizenship behaviours (OCBs). A distinction is made between OCBI, targeted at benefits for the individual, and OCBO, targeted at benefits for the organization. Survey data from six Dutch schools for secondary education (n = 211), showed that autonomy and LMX both weakened the relationships between work engagement and OCBI and OCBO respectively. (Contains 6 tables and 3 figures.)