Understanding and addressing the literacy needs of middle school students is critical in ensuring their academic success. This quantitative study examines the literacy growth among middle school students participating in Tier II Response to Intervention and Instruction (RTI[superscript 2]) programs over the 2023-2024 academic year. It investigates whether literacy improvement occurs as measured by FastBridge assessments and compares these results with students' performance on the Tennessee Comprehensive Assessment Program. Understanding the effectiveness of RTI[superscript 2] is crucial for improving future curriculum and instruction. A quasi-experimental design was used due to the pre-existing intervention, RTI[superscript 2], that is in place and a lack of a control group. The study was carried out at a public school district in Middle Tennessee, which includes eight traditional middle schools. The sample comprises 251 middle school students participating in Tier II interventions. FastBridge aReading screeners and results of the Tennessee Comprehensive Assessment Program were used to collect literacy improvement data. A one-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine whether there were any statistically significant differences between the means of the different levels of within-subject variables. The descriptive analysis found that the data did not meet the assumptions of no significant outliers and the approximately normally distribution for each level of within-subjects factor. Based on this, the Friedman test was used to determine if time in RTI[superscript 2] Tier II intervention had a significant impact on student achievement. The results indicated that students' reading achievement was not significantly different at the different time points during the RTI[superscript 2] Tier II intervention. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://bibliotheek.ehb.be:2222/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]