This study examines the effects of the Students of Promise (SOP), USA school-based planned mentoring program on African-American high school students' academic performance, behavior, and attendance. One of the primary goals of SOP, serving middle through high school students, is to provide academic support and behavioral guidance to youth identified as at-risk. Studies indicate that adolescents who engage in mentorship benefit from such support in various ways, including increased levels of academic achievement and positive behavioral changes. The literature reviewed within this study also gives attention to other outcomes of planned mentoring programs beyond the research's focus, including increased high school graduation rates, reductions in youth incarceration rates, and student leadership development. A quasi-experimental design using propensity score matching was used to determine if African-American high school students attending three predominately Black urban schools in northeast Ohio benefit from participating in SOP. Data from two different school years was used in the study. Key demographic variables were utilized as covariates to ascertain causal inference relative to the outcome variables. Results showed SOP significantly impacted student academic performance and attendance, but the program's effect on behavior was found to be less impressive. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://bibliotheek.ehb.be:2222/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]