The purpose of this study was to determine if Knowledge Management Theory and Jim Collins' (2001) Hedgehog Concept from his book "Good to Great" were appropriate tools for strategic planning initiatives in K-12 public schools and to understand if there was a correlation between the application and use of these and (1) a principal's years of experience; (2) the level of school a principal led (elementary, middle or high); (3) a principal's leadership of a Title I versus a non-Title I school. The study used a quantitative methodology to collect data from K-12 public school principals across South Carolina. Responses from the survey participants supported the existence of a correlation between the level of school a principal led (elementary, middle, or high) and their use of Knowledge Management Theory and the Hedgehog Concept. Additionally, the study found that while principals exhibited strong support for the use of Knowledge Management Theory and the Hedgehog Concept in the strategic planning process and agreed that the principal was the individual best equipped to lead the strategic planning process, they exhibited weaker support for their faculty and staff's ability to remain committed to the execution and fulfillment of a strategic plan at their school. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://bibliotheek.ehb.be:2222/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]