This case study was designed to determine the extent to which standardized mathematics and reading scores in traditional public school differ before and after the introduction of a public charter school in central Florida rural cities. The purpose of the quantitative casual-comparative research study was to determine the impact to the traditional public schools' student achievement with the introduction to a public charter school in rural areas. Each traditional public school mathematics and reading scale scores was compared before and after the opening of the public charter school in the rural community. The theoretical framework of this study was based on the Market Theory and the Rational Choice Theory. Two research questions were utilized based on the extent the mathematics and reading scores in traditional public schools differed before and after the introduction of a public charter school. The data results indicated that there was not a negative impact on the reading or mathematics scores in the traditional public schools when measuring before and after the opening of a public charter school in the area. For the purpose and problem for this study, the results indicate further research is needed to determine if other rural area cities among states in the United States conclude the same results as this study. This will provide additional evidence that may show that opening public charter schools in rural areas is impactful to the communities by increasing the number or allowing an option for a choice school to the over 12 million students residing in rural areas around the United States. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://bibliotheek.ehb.be:2222/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]