The purpose of this causal comparative study was to understand the differences in users and non-users of career services departments at Historically Black Colleges and Universities. Surveys were used to collect quantitative data for users and non-users and interviews were conducted to collect qualitative data. There were 94 participants in this study, 54 participants utilized career services while 40 participants did not receive assistance from the career services department. Statistical significance was found between alumni who utilized career services during their time as an undergraduate student. There was a higher employment success rate for alumni who participant in career preparation services on campus. Recommendations encouraged higher education institutes to begin career preparation during freshman year. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://bibliotheek.ehb.be:2222/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]