As the world observes paradigm shifts in almost every aspect of human life, educational processes in Saudi Arabia are also undergoing significant changes. The learning needs of contemporary Saudi Arabian students differ from the education requirements prioritized in previous centuries. Thus, there is a need for today's teachers to employ innovative teaching mechanisms appropriate to the students' needs in the present times. The purpose of this study was to identify the various teaching methods currently used by Islamic teachers in Saudi Arabia and to understand their rationale for utilizing these techniques. A total of 20 Islamic teachers were interviewed in this study. The findings show that lecturing, narrative method, teaching by practice, iterative, role modeling, preaching, indoctrination, and recitation methods are the most commonly used teaching methods that are used in religious courses. At the same time, several reasons, including teachers' beliefs, rigid course contents, and students' characteristics were found to be influential in determining the type of teaching method selected in their classrooms. Teachers in this study demonstrated that they do not understand learning theories, and therefore do not use them in their classrooms. From this study, the researcher concluded that Islamic teachers in Saudi Arabia are influenced by several barriers that limit their use of modern, more effective, technology-based teaching methods. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://bibliotheek.ehb.be:2222/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]