This study was designed to explore whether athletic identity, NCAA division level, or sport revenue earnings impact student-athletes' ability to prepare for their career as they transition out of sport. Social identity theory was discussed to examine how identity formation may influence navigating the dual roles of being both a student and an athlete. Additional literature focused on how transitional factors and career planning may impact mental health. A total of 277 randomized sampled student-athletes participated in the study from all three levels of NCAA-sponsored schools. Instrumentation included a demographic questionnaire as well as the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale to identify independent variables. An excerpt from the Self-Efficacy and Personality in Career Self-Management--Model was used to measure the dependent variables of career planning and career self-efficacy. Results indicated that neither dependent variable had a statistically significant impact on the independent variables of athletic identity, NCAA division level, and sport revenue. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://bibliotheek.ehb.be:2222/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]