This study explored the challenges to persistence among active-duty women in online undergraduate degree programs. There is a gap in existing literature surrounding the specific challenges that active-duty women face in persisting. The frameworks that guided this research were Bean and Metzner's nontraditional student retention model and Angelino and Natvig's conceptual model for engagement of the online learner. The research question in this study addressed active-duty women's experience with persistence in their online undergraduate degree programs. This qualitative research design consisted of semistructured interviews with 13 active-duty women in the U.S. military who are in online undergraduate degree programs. The data were hand-coded and analyzed using an inductive analysis approach. Seven themes emerged surrounding the experienced challenges towards persistence for active-duty women: (a) learning in an online format, (b) gender differences/inequalities in the military, (c) mental/physical/emotional health issues, (d) military occupation demands, (e) deployments and movement, (f) family obligations, and (g) the need for increased institutional support resources. With this knowledge, recommendations were made to institutions and faculty that the knowledge be studied and actions be taken to adapt the online learning environment to better support the challenges of active-duty women in online undergraduate degree programs. These results may contribute to positive social change by providing higher education administrators with insight into the experiences of active-duty women. This information may support the development of programs or services designed to assist active-duty women in overcoming challenges to persistence and meeting their academic goals while serving their country. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://bibliotheek.ehb.be:2222/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]