The purpose of this quantitative-comparative study was to examine differences in burnout and self-efficacy between full-time postsecondary online and on-campus faculty who teach at institutions within North America. Research questions 1-3 measured burnout using the Maslach Burnout Inventory Educators Survey: What are the differences if any, in the burnout subscale of emotional exhaustion between full-time postsecondary online and full-time postsecondary on-campus faculty?, What are the differences if any, in the burnout subscale of personal accomplishment between full-time postsecondary online and full-time postsecondary on-campus faculty?, and What are the differences if any, in the burnout subscale of depersonalization between full-time postsecondary online and on-campus faculty? The Teachers' Sense of Efficacy Scale (short form) measured research question 4, What are the differences if any, in self-efficacy between full-time postsecondary online and full-time postsecondary on-campus faculty? Sampling included purposive, snowball, and convenience methods from the target population of full-time postsecondary faculty (N = 164, n = 81 online, n = 83 on-campus). Mann-Whitney U-test analyses revealed no significant differences between groups for emotional exhaustion (U = 3827.00, p = 0.126), depersonalization (U = 3343.00, p = 0.951), and self-efficacy (U = 3764.00, p = 0.185) and t-test results showed a significant difference for personal accomplishment (t(162) = -2.726, p = 0.007), such that online instructors had a lower average sense of personal accomplishment. The findings can be helpful to promote faculty well-being and to further knowledge on burnout and self-efficacy as factors that contribute to faculty mental health. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://bibliotheek.ehb.be:2222/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]