Personalized learning's basic premise--that instruction should be tailored for each student and that the student should be the prime actor in directing learning. New technology makes possible ways to teach and learn that were unfathomable only a short time ago. Technology is not and should not be the whole of personalized learning lest it fail as an antidote to the tensions in education. To succeed, personalized learning will have to choose its technology judiciously and adhere to sound principles for how students learn. This report presents what exactly personalized learning is, and the role technology plays in personalized learning. [This chapter was published in: "Handbook on Innovations in Learning," edited by M. Murphy et al., Center on Innovations in Learning, Temple University; Information Age Publishing, 2013, pp. 113-130.]