For the purposes of the "Higher Education Standards Framework (Threshold Standards) 2021" (HES Framework), research is defined as "the creation of new knowledge and/or the use of existing knowledge in a new and creative way by a higher education provider so as to generate new concepts, methodologies, inventions and understandings." Research can be carried out in and between all fields and may involve a range of tools and media. This report presents the following guidance for research and research training: (1) What does research and research training encompass?; (2) What Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency (TEQSA) will look for; and (3) Identified issues.