The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is the federal law that secures special education services for children with disabilities from the time they are born until they graduate from high school. The law was reauthorized by Congress in 2004, prompting a series of changes in the way special education services are implemented. These changes are continuing today and they affect the delivery of special education and related services in Ohio. IDEA 2004 requires that for the student with disabilities who exhibits inappropriate or unacceptable behavior, schools must consider the use of positive interventions to help that student learn more acceptable alternative behaviors. This document provides parents and teachers with information regarding: (1) basic IDEA 2004 concepts; (2) free appropriate public education (FAPE); (3) IEP services and supports to be provided; (4) progress monitoring; (5) fundamentals of positive behavior support; (6) punishment to prevention; (7) functional behavior assessment; (8) manifestation determination; (9) positive behavior interventions; (10) what we know about behavior; (11) interventions that work; and (12) resources. [This guide was originally published in 2013. For the 2019 version, see ED595441.]