This issue brief is the first in a series examining timely topics that are relevant to Black families and children in the United States. The series identifies key information and opportunities for consideration by policymakers, researchers, practitioners, philanthropists, and others interested in supporting the progress of Black families and children--and, by extension, the country as a whole. This first brief presents data on the family structure, employment status, and geographic location of Black families with young children in the United States. It also explores contextual factors, such as structural barriers or inequities that have shaped the experiences of these families over time. [For the second brief, "Federal Policies Can Address the Impact of Structural Racism on Black Families' Access to Early Care and Education," see ED614026. For the third issue brief, "Racism and Discrimination Contribute to Housing Instability for Black Families during the Pandemic," see ED614029.]