The current study reports findings from a small randomized controlled trial of Project FUTURES, a post-secondary support and retention program for college students with foster care experience and self-identified mental health concerns. The FUTURES model is adapted from Better Futures, which was a post-secondary access program for high school seniors in foster care with mental health challenges. For Project FUTURES, the researchers tested a self-determination skills and post-secondary support curriculum with young people with foster care histories and mental health challenges who are already enrolled in the first two years of college. This study is the first randomized experiment to evaluate a post-secondary support program for enrolled college students with foster care backgrounds and mental health challenges. Findings suggest that such structured coaching approaches can increase self-determination and self-efficacy among these students in ways that may impact retention and potentially degree completion. On the other hand, the researchers faced consistent recruitment challenges on this project, given the difficulties these students face in enrolling in college at all.