This European Training Foundation (ETF) assessment provides an external, forward-looking analysis of Kosovo's human capital development issues and vocational education and training (VET) policy responses in a lifelong learning perspective. It identifies challenges related to education and training policy and practice that hinder the development and use of human capital. It takes stock of these challenges and puts forward recommendations on possible solutions to address them. These assessments are a key deliverable of the Torino Process, an initiative launched by the ETF in 2010 aimed at providing a periodic review of VET systems in the wider context of human capital development and inclusive economic growth. The purpose of the assessment is to provide a reliable source of information for planning and monitoring national education and training policies for human capital development, as well as for programming and policy dialogue in support of these policies by the European Union and other donors. The ETF assessments rely on evidence from the countries collected through a standardised reporting template (i.e. the national reporting framework) through a participatory process involving a wide variety of actors with a high degree of ownership by the country. The findings and recommendations of the ETF assessment have been shared and discussed with national authorities and beneficiaries. This assessment report starts with a brief description of the strategic plans and national policy priorities of Kosovo (Chapter 1). It then presents an overview of issues related to the development and use of human capital in the country (Chapter 2), before moving on to an in-depth discussion of problems in this area, which in the view of the ETF require immediate attention (Chapter 3). Chapter 4 provides a conclusion of the analysis. Annex 1 summarises the key recommendations in table format, while Annex 2 provides a chart of Kosovo's education and training system. [This report was prepared in the framework of the Torino Process 2018-20.]