The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of single-gender education on minority students' academic achievement and self-esteem. Over the years, there have been many educational programs initiated to support the academic success of minority students. One such program that has recently gained popularity is the implementation of single-gender education. This present study compared tenth and eleventh grades students attending single-gender schools to students attending mixed-gender schools. Data from classroom observation, surveys interviews, grade point averages and student assessments were analyzed. In the analysis of growth in academic achievement between groups based upon TNReady scores, PSAT scores and Grade Point Averages, there was a significant difference found between single-gender and mixed-gender students. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://bibliotheek.ehb.be:2222/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]