This book proposes a new paradigm for English language teaching based on concepts from English for Specific Purposes (ESP) research and applications as well as from growing evidence relating pattern recognition to language learning ability. The contributors to the volume argue that learners should not try to become proficient all-around users of 'idealistic native-like' English, but instead should be realistic about what they need to acquire and how to go about achieving their specific goals. The book discusses the present situation by describing the status quo of English language education in Japan, taking into consideration recent trends of CLIL (content and language integrated learning), EMI (English medium instruction), and TBLT (task-based language teaching) as well as the work done on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). It introduces new movements in ESP in Japan and in other Asian regions, covering topics ranging from genre analysis to corpus linguistics, and presents application examples of ESP practice in a range of educational situations in Japan from the graduate school level to elementary and middle school contexts. It also offers readers application examples of ESP practice in a range of business settings and expands the discussion to the global sphere where EAP and ESP are gaining importance as the number of ELF (English as a Lingua Franca) speakers continue to increase. The book will be of great interest to academics, researchers, and post-graduate students working in the fields of EFL and ESL. This book contains the following chapters: (1) ELT: Past, present and future (Judy Noguchi); (2) ESP today (Hajime Terauchi); (3) Conceptualising the discourse community (Tamao Araki and Hajime Terauchi); (4) Expanding the horizons of genre analysis (Judy Noguchi); (5) ELF (English as a lingua franca) in business: Dynamics of teaching for business interactions (Anne Kankaarranta); (6) Assessing EAP (English for Academic Purposes) (Neil Murray); (7) ESP curriculum development: A systems approach (Sayako Maswana and Akira Tajino); (8) EAP undergraduate curricula in Japan (Yuka Iijima, Sachi Takahashi, Atsuko Watanabe and Hironori Watari); (9) ESP in South Korea (Jihyeon Jeon and Yoonhee Choe); (10) ESP/EAP in China: Growing amid challenges (Jie Shi, Jigang Cai, Jianying Du and Liwen Li); (11) EAP in Hong Kong (Julia Chen); (12) ESP/ESAP in Taiwan (Shin-Mei Kao); (13) ESP in primary and secondary education (Hiroshi Yamada and Sayako Maswana); (14) EAP in undergraduate education (Sachi Takahashi, Toshiyuki Kanamaru and Yuka Iijima); (15) EAP in postgraduate education (Judy Noguchi and Masako Terui); (16) ESP for tourism and hospitality (Reiko Fujita); (17) English for business purposes (EBP) (Hisashi Naito and Hajime Terauchi); (18) Materials development for EBP (Masaki Yamada, Hajime Terauchi and Kosuke Miki); and Epilogue: New horizons for ESP (Hajime Terauchi, Judy Noguchi and Akira Tajino). [Foreword by Hilary Nesi.]