In this paper, we investigate the Arithmetic authored by L.F. Magnitskii (1669-1739) especially focusing on the methods of teaching and learning represented in this arithmetical manual that remained highly influential among the Russian educators for more than a century after its publication in 1703. We suggest that Magnitskii, even though drawing upon arithmetical manuals published in Western Europe in the 17th century, introduced a number of new elements that can be properly interpreted only if one takes into consideration his didactical agenda. [For the complete proceedings, see ED597799.]