The online delivery of training is well established in the vocational education and training (VET) sector, and it is not unusual for a course to include training that is delivered online in one or more units. However, little is known about the online delivery of entire qualifications in VET and how this works, given the overarching role of the competency-based training system in the sector. This research provides a contemporary view of how online learning is used to deliver complete qualifications in the Australian VET sector. It estimates the extent to which entire qualifications are delivered online, as well as investigates the nature of this online delivery and whether this training is providing students with a similar experience and outcomes to that of face-to-face training. The final element of this research identifies the factors that contribute to good practice in online delivery. Key messages include the following: (1) It is estimated that 8.6% of all VET program commencements in 2017 were in courses delivered fully online; (2) Online VET is characterised by higher subject withdrawal rates and lower course completion rates; (3) Higher subject withdrawals and course non-completion can be due to many factors, such as poor quality training, the delivery mode not suiting the student, issues with securing a work placement (if required), or the student lacking access to the necessary tools or technology to complete the course; (4) For those students who completed an online course, the outcomes were mixed but in general, comparable to other delivery modes; and (5) The attributes of good practice in online delivery include, a positive and supportive attitude, students with realistic expectations of the course and delivery mode on enrollment, well-structured, up-to-date and engaging resources, effective and accessible student support, and skilled and knowledgeable teachers and trainers.