Both charter schools and preschools have shown tremendous potential to change the educational and life trajectories of low-income kids. In combination, they could do even more to improve the odds for the nation's most vulnerable youngsters. But current policy and practice in many states limit the ability of charter schools to offer state-funded pre-K programs. This report asks and documents the answers to three key questions: (1) Can charter elementary schools offer state-funded pre-K?; (2) How many charter schools serve preschoolers?; and (3) What types of barriers prevent charter schools from offering pre-K? The authors analyze state pre-K and charter statutes, regulations, and agency policies in the thirty-six jurisdictions that had both charter schools and state-funded pre-K programs at the start of the 2014-15 school year. They also interview state charter leaders, policymakers, and pre-K program staff to better understand the barriers that charters face in accessing pre-K funding. The authors find that the most common practical barriers that charter schools face in attempting to offer pre-K are: (1) Low funding levels; (2) Small pre-K programs; (3) Barriers to kindergarten enrollment; and (4) Local district monopolies on pre-K funds. The authors conclude that policymakers and advocates should not only expand high-quality charter schools and high-quality pre-K for needy children; they should also alter policies and practices that deter the former from offering the latter. [Foreword written by Michael J. Petrilli and Amber M. Northern.]