Student access to technology is no longer a privilege: it is a prerequisite for full participation in high-quality education opportunities. While this fundamental right to technology access for learning is nonnegotiable, it is also just the first step to equitable learning opportunities. Society must continue to ask questions about the effectiveness of technology-based learning systems and tools designed to promote academic learning in specific subjects. This brief looks at the types of learning technology uses that have been shown by research to tie to deeper student learning, the conditions under which these approaches can reach their educational potential, and how to identify those that are worth the investment.