This study focused on how two algebraic concepts- equality and variable- predicted 8th grade students' equation solving performance. In this study, predictive design as a correlational research design was used. Randomly selected 407 eight-grade students who were from the central districts of a city in the central region of Turkey participated in the study. Multiple regression analysis was used to answer research questions. The results of the study showed that equality and variable concepts statistically significantly predicted students' equation solving performance. The standardized regression weights (ß) for the variable and equality concepts predicting students' equation solving performance were 0.46 and 0.17, respectively.