In 2013, the National Commission on Asian American and Pacific Islander Research in Education (CARE) and the White House Initiative on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (WHIAAPI)--with support from ETS and Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in Philanthropy (AAPIP)--began an Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) data quality campaign. This collaboration is centered on three interrelated goals: (1) raise awareness about and bring attention to the ways in which data on AAPI students reported in the aggregate conceals significant disparities in educational experiences and outcomes between AAPI sub-groups; (2) provide models for how postsecondary institutions, systems, and states have recognized and responded to this problem by collecting and reporting disaggregated data; and (3) work collaboratively with the education field to encourage broader reform in institutional practices related to the collection and reporting of disaggregated data of AAPI students. This report responds to the first two goals by providing both the need and rationale for disaggregated data. Building on the existing body of research on AAPIs in education, this report makes a case for an AAPI data quality movement. The report demonstrates how and why institutional, state, and federal datasets are a significant issue for the AAPI community, what changes are needed in how data are collected and reported, and the impact more refined data can have for the AAPI community and the institutions that serve them. The report focuses intently on three overarching themes: (1) providing an empirically-driven rationale for how using aggregated data is problematic for the AAPI student population and why disaggregated data is a necessary tool for representing the heterogeneity that exists within the population; (2) providing a case study of an AAPI data disaggregation movement in one higher education system--the University of California--a student-driven campaign called "Count Me In"; and (3) discussing the importance of disaggregated data for Pacific Islanders--a diverse and multifaceted population that is among the most disadvantaged sectors of the AAPI population. Contains an appendix: Data Source and Methodology.