A strong level of funding is important for Australia's school system. The Government has further committed to a new, simpler and fairer funding model that distributes this funding on the basis of need. However, while funding is important, evidence shows that what you do with that funding matters more. Despite significant funding growth in the past decade, National Assessment Program--Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) results and international rankings show that there have not been sufficient improvements in student outcomes. This report outlines the Government's evidence-based approach to schools' reform to improve learning outcomes for all Australian students--regardless of their school or background. The Government will be working with states, territories, and non-government education authorities to focus on how to use the record levels of funding to improve the quality of education in Australia's schools and lift student outcomes. "Quality Schools, Quality Outcomes" sets out evidence-based priority reforms to help support improved outcomes for students and schools by focusing efforts towards the following five areas: (1) Boosting literacy, numeracy and STEM performance; (2) Improving the quality of teaching and school leadership; (3) Preparing Australia's students for a globalised world; (4) Focusing on what matters most and those who need it most; and (5) Increasing public accountability through improved transparency.