The National Indian Education Study (NIES) is administered as part of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) to allow more in-depth reporting on the achievement and experiences of American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN)1 students in grades 4 and 8. This report focuses primarily on two themes identified during the development of the NIES survey questionnaires: (1) To what extent are AI/AN culture and language part of the curricula?; and (2) To what extent are school resources available for improving AI/AN student achievement? The student survey questions selected for this report asked AI/AN students about the knowledge they had of their Native culture and language and their opportunities to learn more. Teacher survey questions asked teachers how they acquired and integrated culturally responsive materials, activities, and instruction into their lessons to enhance student learning. Questions from the school administrator survey asked school officials about how often members of the Native community participated in school events with students, parents, and teachers. This report is organized as follows: (1) The Introduction section includes information on sampling, participation, reporting, the NIES 2015 states, and the school types reported on in the survey question tables throughout this report; (2) The Survey Questionnaires section describes the purpose of the survey questions and the development process used to create them; (3) The Students and Native Culture section includes information about students' exposure to and participation in their Native culture and their experiences with Native language at home and in school; (4) The Teacher Characteristics section examines the ways in which teachers acquired the knowledge and skills they need to teach AI/AN students, teachers' self-identified race/ethnicity, and the culturally specific instructional practices used in reading and mathematics lessons; (5) The Schools and Community Engagement section examines AI/AN community member events that take place at school and the availability of good quality AI/AN books and other materials in school libraries or media centers; and (6) The Performance Results section provides information about the performance of AI/AN students at grades 4 and 8 in the nation and in the NIES states on NAEP reading and mathematics assessments from 2005 to 2015. Tables are appended.