Parental Encouragement refers to the general process undertaken by the parents to initiative and directs the behaviour of the children towards high academic achievement. The present study aims to probe the relationship between Parental Encouragement and Academic Achievement of Higher Secondary School Students. Survey method was employed and the investigators used stratified random sampling technique. The sample consists of 350 higher secondary school students from ten schools at Thanjavur district. Parental Encouragement Scale developed by Kusum Agarwal (1999) and academic achievement constructed by investigator (2012) were used as the tool. Karl Pearson's product moment co-efficient of correlation was used as the statistical technique for analyzing the data. The result shows that there is significant relationship between parental encouragement and academic achievement of higher secondary school students.