This paper focuses on the approaches used by school heads in helping their growth and their teachers in primary schools in Limpopo and Mpumalanga Provinces of South Africa. The Department of Basic Education expects school heads and teachers to bring change in their school performances. The problem is that in these primary schools heads and teachers' specialised knowledge is a problem. Interviews were conducted with school heads and some teachers completed a questionnaire. In the studied primary schools in-service training of teachers is done by teacher unions, School Management Teams, universities, through an Integrated Quality Management System and through donor assistance. [For the complete Volume 14, Number 1 proceedings, see ED568088.]