Opportunities for youth participation in city and state elections, such as those occurring in Maryland and Illinois, are becoming a part of the policymaker's toolkit to create engaged citizens and lifelong voters. This report reviews new efforts by state and city leaders to encourage youth voting within their boundaries. Key takeaways in this report include: (1) In the past few years, a number of states and municipalities have considered or enacted policies permitting youth under the age of 18 to preregister to vote, or to vote in primary, municipal, or school board elections; (2) Efforts to encourage early activism might create engaged citizens and lifelong voters, draw young people into the voting process while motivation is still high, and have a "trickle-up" and "trickle-down" effect on family members; and (3) Some evidence has shown that when given the opportunity to vote, 16- and 17-year olds have higher turnout rates than adults.