The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to explore the relationships between the independent variables, contextual factors for virtual teams and collaboration technology, and the dependent variable, virtual project outcomes. The problem leading to the need for the study is a lower success rate for virtual projects compared to face-to-face projects and general confusion among leaders regarding what collaboration methods and technologies are most effective for virtual teams. The sample in the current study included survey responses of 73 respondents from the target population of project leaders and virtual team members worldwide. The response rate was consistent with the minimum of 55 responses needed to ensure a confidence level of 0.95 with a margin of error of 0.05 for linear multiple regression tests. Findings indicated a statistically significant relationship generally exists between contextual factors for virtual teams, use of collaboration technology, and project success in virtual projects. Statistical significance testing for each of the individual independent variables indicated interactions between contextual factors of the virtual team environment and certain emerging collaboration technology like document management systems, blogs, and social networking significantly predict virtual project outcomes. From this study, leaders of virtual projects may inform their decision-making toward virtual teaming and selection of appropriate collaboration technology considering the virtual team context. Discoveries in this study can serve as valuable information to decision makers, planners, and team leaders when evaluating team configuration alternatives and use of collaboration technology to improve the success rate of virtual projects. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://bibliotheek.ehb.be:2222/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]