This research report notes that despite the focus on girls' education in the Millennium Development Goals, there remains a huge number of girls out of education, a situation which, although improving, is still a significant concern in Tanzania, Africa. Women and girls in pastoral communities are subject to a particularly challenging situation: marginalised not only on account of their gender, but also as pastoralists. This research sought to explore the issues facing girls within one specific community, and focused on three main areas: (1) community members' attitudes to girls' participation in formal education; (2) the aspirations that parents and girls themselves hold for participation in formal education; and (3) perceived impediments to girls' participation in education. An ethnographic approach was adopted which involved the research team spending a period of time in the field, living with members of the Maasai community in rural Monduli, Tanzania. Research was obtained by observations and interviews undertaken with a range of community members. The research concludes with a number of key recommendations.