This document is one of eight reports prepared to support the development of a new learning system, an effort that is the first step in a major initiative undertaken by the Stupski Foundation. The report was created collaboratively by researchers from McRel with guidance from officers of the Stupski Foundation. Its purpose is to provide members of a "Design Collaborative" team--consisting of practitioners, parents, students, and researchers--with a review of key findings from existing literature to support their efforts to develop the systems diagnostics component of the Stupski Foundation's Learning System. The purpose of this report is to begin a conversation around a comprehensive approach to systems diagnostics rather than to provide a final answer. The literature review method is contained in the appendix. (Contains 2 tables, 2 figures, and 6 footnotes.) [This report is part of a larger set of reports prepared by McRel for the Stupinski Foundation.]